International Student Mobility: Advancing the Internationalisation of Higher Education through a Systematic Review

Abstract

International student mobility (ISM) has become a critical aspect of global education systems and a significant driver of economic and cultural exchange. Over the past two decades, academic interest in ISM research has grown significantly. Despite its importance, there has been a lack of comprehensive framework-based reviews addressing the growing body of research. This study employs the Theory-Context-Methods (TCM) framework to provide a comprehensive understanding of the dominant theories, contexts (countries), and methods (research approaches and analysis techniques) in ISM research over the last ten years (2015–2024). Through a trend analysis of two distinct periods, 2016–2019 and 2020–2024, the review highlights shifts in research focus, offering a dynamic perspective on ISM scholarship. Furthermore, the review elucidates the evolving nature of ISM research, uncovers underexplored areas, and provides insightful directions for future research. The study emphasizes the economic implications of ISM, highlighting its role in driving tuition revenue, fostering trade and investment opportunities, and addressing skill shortages in host countries. By advancing the understanding of ISM, this study contributes to the literature on the internationalization of higher education and offers valuable insights for policymakers, academics, and practitioners aiming to better manage and promote ISM.