Journal of Informatics Education and Research
Welcome to the home page of the Journal of Informatics Education and Research for Finance, Mortgages and Insurance. We are a premiere organization dedicated to the study and promotion of knowledge on mortgages and various types insurance. The plan for the Journal of Informatics Education and Research for Finance and Insurance was hatched in a meeting in 1993 between members of the different brokerage companies throughout the United States. The first issue came out in January 1994. From twenty subscribers in its first year, the number of the Journal has climbed steadily. It now currently has 8,000 subscribers. The first issue was sent to subscribers in June and the second issue was sent out in December of each calendar year. Editors of the Journal of Informatics Education and Research for Finance and Insurance organize a yearly forum discussing the whole gamut of mortgages and insurance products as well as the latest developments in the industry. Freelance agents stand to gain the most benefit from what the Journal has to offer. For example a recent issue we ran delved into the statistics of senior citizens and their interaction with a reverse mortgage calculator. You can subscribe to the the Journal of Informatics Education and Research for Finance and Insurance at any time of the year. You can register and subscribe and still get in upcoming issue. Subscribe now to the Journal and be enlightened.
"Harnessing Spirituality to Combat Workplace Stress"
Stress at work is becoming a bigger problem since it can lead to burnout, lower productivity, and worse employee health. Integrating spirituality—more especially, forgiveness and compassion—emerges as a potent tool to improve stress resilience and general employee well-being as businesses look for practical ways to deal with these issues. This essay examines how forgiveness and compassion, two essential spiritual disciplines, might reduce stress at work by creating a welcoming, sympathetic, and emotionally stable workplace. While forgiveness fosters emotional healing, lessens animosity, and enhances interpersonal relationships, compassion enables workers to connect with others on a deeper emotional level, fostering an environment of understanding and support. The study looks at how fostering forgiveness and compassion at work might lower stress and improve wellbeing. Organizations can foster a culture of emotional resilience, teamwork, and conflict resolution by encouraging employees to live out these values. Higher job satisfaction, improved work-life balance, and less worry and burnout are all influenced by these spiritual activities. The study also explores the benefits of compassion and forgiveness for organizations in terms of increased creativity, communication, and general productivity. To sum up, forgiveness and compassion are crucial elements of a spirituality-based strategy for managing stress at work. Businesses may foster a more resilient, effective, and peaceful workplace by incorporating these principles into their corporate culture. This will eventually improve employee well-being and ensure the long-term success of the company.
The Algorithmic Customer: An In-Depth Analysis of the Impact of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning on Personalized Marketing
The proliferation of digital technologies has catalyzed a paradigm shift in marketing, moving from the broad-strokes approach of mass communication to the highly individualized strategy of personalized marketing. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the transformative impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its core subset, Machine Learning (ML), on this evolution. It establishes that AI is not merely an optimization tool but a foundational architecture that enables personalization at an unprecedented scale and complexity. The analysis begins by deconstructing the core ML models—supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement learning—that power modern marketing engines. It then provides a detailed examination of key AI applications, including hyper-segmentation through clustering algorithms, predictive analytics for forecasting customer behavior and lifetime value (CLV), collaborative and content-based recommendation engines, and the use of Natural Language Processing (NLP) in conversational AI. The paper synthesizes extensive data to quantify the business impact of these technologies, demonstrating significant improvements in conversion rates, return on investment (ROI), and customer engagement. Through case studies of industry leaders such as Amazon, Netflix, and Spotify, it illustrates how AI-driven personalization has become a core component of the product experience itself. However, the paper also provides a critical assessment of the profound challenges and ethical quandaries that accompany this transformation. It addresses the pervasive issues of algorithmic bias, the escalating concerns regarding data privacy and regulatory compliance, and the societal implications of filter bubbles. Furthermore, it details the significant financial and organizational hurdles to implementation, including prohibitive costs and a persistent talent gap. The paper concludes that the future of marketing lies in a symbiotic human-algorithm collaboration, where AI manages the complexity of data and automation, while human marketers provide the essential strategic direction, creative insight, and ethical governance required to navigate this new landscape.
A study on Attitudinal and Emotional loyalty of Tourists towards Ayurvedic Tourism to build Kerala as an international Ayurvedic Tourism Brand
The rise of Ayurvedic tourism has transformed Kerala into a leading wellness destination, emphasizing the need to understand what drives tourist loyalty and connection. This study explores tourists’ emotions and attitudes toward Ayurvedic tourism and how these factors strengthen Kerala’s brand as a global hub for Ayurveda-based wellness. It examines how various groups of tourists develop loyalty and attachment, presenting a model to analyze the key factors that influence these feelings and their outcomes in Kerala’s health tourism sector. The research investigates how positive attitudes enhance the relationship between tourist satisfaction and brand development, with trust acting as a moderating element. It also examines how service quality and medical expertise shape loyalty and emotional connection. Furthermore, it explores how emotions such as affection, connection, and passion contribute to Kerala’s Ayurvedic brand identity. Data were collected through a questionnaire focusing on service experience, medical quality, satisfaction, trust, emotional factors, and brand perception. Statistical analysis confirmed the proposed model and validated the relationships between these variables. The findings show that high service standards and professional medical care increase tourist satisfaction, which in turn strengthens emotional bonds and loyalty toward Kerala’s Ayurvedic brand. Trust further enhances the effect of satisfaction on brand perception. The study highlights the significance of combining emotional and attitudinal aspects to create effective branding strategies for Kerala’s Ayurvedic tourism. It offers a practical framework showing how emotions and loyalty work together to build a strong, lasting brand in wellness tourism.
Online Classroom Models and Learning Outcomes in Professional Education: A Quantitative Study of MBA Students
The rapid shift to online classroom models during the COVID-19 pandemic raised critical questions about their effectiveness in delivering professional education, particularly for MBA programs requiring practical skill development. This study quantitatively assesses how online classroom model components predict perceived learning outcomes among MBA students in India. Using a structured questionnaire adapted from validated scales (Basar et al., 2021; Reyes-Fournier et al., 2020; DiLoreto & Gaines, 2016), data from 560 MBA students measured five key predictors: course design & structure, technology & platform quality, instructor facilitation & support, peer interaction & learning community, and student engagement & self- regulation. Multiple regression analysis revealed that all five constructs significantly predict perceived learning outcomes (R² = 0.68, F = 285.4, p < 0.001), with instructor facilitation (β = 0.25, p < 0.001) and student engagement (β = 0.20, p < 0.001) emerging as strongest predictors. ANOVA tests confirmed significant differences across program year (F = 12.3, p < 0.01) and prior online experience (F = 8.7, p < 0.01). Findings align with Arbaugh et al. (2018) who found instructor presence critical in online MBA contexts, and Eom et al. (2006) who emphasized structural determinants of online learning outcomes. Results suggest online classroom models can effectively deliver MBA learning outcomes when optimized for instructor facilitation and student engagement, challenging assumptions about online education's inferiority for professional programs. Implications for MBA curriculum design and faculty training in hybrid learning environments are discussed.
Venkatachalam Ramakrishnan, N. Manikandan
Consumer Buying Behavior towards Luxury Branded Durable Goods in Patna City, Bihar, India
The luxury goods market in India with an estimated value of USD 10.01billion in the year 2024 is currently witnessing a marketable increase in demand of luxury-branded durable goods especially in Tier II urban centres like Patna in Bihar. This significant change in consumer consumption patterns has been contributed by the increased household incomes, changing lifestyles, as well as increased exposure to high quality brands. This paper seeks to examine consumer buying behaviour as relates to luxury-branded long-lasting commodities within the Patna City, and outlin how consumer purchase intention is influenced. A sample population size of 300 consumers in the city was used to collect primary data using a structured questionnaire on a five-point Likert scale. The cross-sectional research design was taken and stratified random sampling methods were used to select households that belonged either to the middle- and high-income brackets, determined by a minimum monthly income limit of 20,000. Data were gathered and analyzed with the application of SPSS software that included descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, exploratory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The empirical results show that social influence becomes salient as the most influential factor in purchase intention followed by brand perception, perceived quality, and economic factors. These findings highlight the aspirational nature of luxury consumption among the new urban markets and provide useful information to luxury brands that are hoping to expand their presence in Tier II cities.
A Study Of Emotional Intelligence Of Taekwondo Players
This study aimed to examine the Emotional Intelligence among State, National and International level of Indian Taekwondo players. Emotional intelligence, which refers to the capacity to identify, comprehend, and regulate both personal emotions and those of others, has gained growing recognition as a key contributor to success in both personal and professional spheres. A total of 90 male Taekwondo players were randomly selected for data collection. The entire data divided in three (3) groups i.e. 30 State, 30 National and 30 International level Taekwondo players. The scale of Emotional Intelligence developed by Hyde, Pethe and Dhar in 2002. It has total 34 items with 1-5 pointer scale and the highest score is 170. The analysis involved descriptive statistics and One way ANOVA were used to result in SPSS Software, with a significance threshold set at .05. The reliability of questionnaire is 0.88. The results identified ten key factors— Self-Awareness, Empathy, Self-motivation, Emotional stability, Managing relation, Integrity, Self-development, Value orientation, Commitment and altruistic behavior across thirty-four (34) items. The result of the study revealed significant difference among State, National and International level Indian Taekwondo players on Emotional Intelligence. Whereas, International players had a higher-level Emotional Intelligence in Comparison to State and National Taekwondo players.
Mr. Vipin Kumar Gautam, Dr. Madhusudan Chakraborty
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Informatics Education and Research
A Descriptive Study On Personality Traits And Demographic Profile Of Individuals Using The Big Five Model
The purpose of this study was to use descriptive analysis to investigate the personality characteristics and demographic profile of a sample group. 50 people in all took part in the study, with the majority being women (68%) and those in the 21–30 age range (38%). Seventy percent were self-employed, sixty-six percent were single, and eighty-two percent were part of two- to four-person nuclear households. In terms of education, 48% had postgraduate degrees, while 24% made between ₹10,000 and ₹20,000 a month. A five-point Likert scale based on the Big Five Personality dimensions was used to evaluate personality characteristics. The majority of interviewees described themselves as gregarious yet not reserved, indicating moderate levels of extraversion. The majority showed high levels of agreeableness, rejecting fault-finding conduct and showing trust in others. Though opinions on laziness differed, more than half of respondents said they were thorough in their conscientiousness. Even while the majority of respondents said they managed their stress well, a sizable percentage nevertheless occasionally felt anxious, which is indicative of mild neuroticism. While comments about imagination were more neutral, artistic interests demonstrated an openness to experience. All things considered, the study sheds light on the sample group's sociodemographic background and personality traits, laying the groundwork for future behavioral and psychological investigations.
Climbing The Ladder: Digital Skills, Mentorship, And Career Growth Of Young Professionals
This study investigates the factors influencing professional success and career development across five key domains: Educational Attainment & Skill Development, Career Entry & Early Opportunities, Professional Growth & Leadership Advancement, Networking, Mentorship & Social Capital, and Workplace Environment & Sustainability of Success. The aim of the research is to examine how educational preparation, early career conditions, leadership development experiences, social capital, and workplace practices collectively shape the career trajectories of individuals. A sample of 184 respondents was surveyed using a structured Likert-scale questionnaire to collect relevant data. The study employed a quantitative research design to analyse variables such as field choice, research experience, digital skills, extracurricular involvement, job timing, employer type, job conversion, networking, job satisfaction, award recognition, leadership training, project visibility, career mobility, mentor quality, alumni support, association membership, online presence, pay equity, workplace safety, job engagement, and employee retention. The findings reveal that strong educational skill development—particularly digital competencies and active extracurricular involvement—significantly enhances early career opportunities and job satisfaction. Networking and mentorship were also found to play a vital role in advancing leadership potential, with respondents reporting higher career mobility when supported by mentors and alumni networks. Furthermore, workplace environment factors such as pay equity, safety, and engagement emerged as strong predictors of long-term employee retention. No major disparities were observed across different employer types, but respondents with higher digital proficiency and stronger social capital reported more positive career progression. The study concludes with recommendations for educational institutions, employers, and policymakers to strengthen career pathways by enhancing skill development programs, promoting mentorship networks, and improving workplace practices to support sustainable professional growth.
The Role of Neuromarketing in Enhancing Digital Marketing Effectiveness
Neuromarketing is a creative approach that integrates marketing and neuroscience to understand consumer behavior beyond conventional analytical techniques. This study explores how neuromarketing improves the effectiveness of digital marketing by examining subconscious consumer responses to advertisements, websites, branding elements, and social media content. Using neuro technologies, marketers can identify emotional triggers, levels of focus, and decision-making tendencies. Neuroscience advances reveal the inner workings of the human brain, including how advertising and marketing messages impact the brain. It highlights a lot of the small, typically unconscious mental processes that can make or ruin a marketing strategy. The term "neuromarketing," which is only ten years old, was created to acknowledge the potential benefits of combining scientific brain analysis with neuro-tools such as fMRI, EEG, eye tracking, and biometrics. Conversion rates, ad memory, engagement, and the ability to develop personalized digital campaigns are all enhanced by neuromarketing. Deep brain activity analysis is still costly and time-consuming. Different brain regions are essential for understanding marketing messages and, more importantly, for determining how to respond to them. The results of the study indicate that neuromarketing can be used as a tactical tool to enhance competitive advantage, optimize content, improve customer connections, and improve digital marketing strategies. These concerns are the main topic of the research paper.
Dr.V.Mythili, Dr.M.Aruna, Dr Poornima B, Dr. P. Preetha, Ms. Kanidha P
Role Of Brand Equity In Higher Education
Presenting a business school's brand to its shareholders is especially important in the complex and competitive world of today, which is driving the rapid expansion of business schools and the erasing of national boundaries. Therefore, differentiating oneself and building a strong university brand are crucial in the cutthroat world of higher education. The performance and longevity of higher education institutions are greatly dependent on brand equity, which also plays a crucial role in setting one institution apart from another in a market that is becoming more and more competitive. It includes important factors including perceived quality, brand associations, brand awareness, and brand loyalty, all of which have an impact on the decisions made by potential donors, teachers, and students. Strong brand equity puts organizations in a better position to draw in top personnel, get funding, and build their reputations all of which contribute to long-term resilience and success. Successful institutions in the ever-changing higher education marketplace must manage their brand equity through effective marketing, constant quality instruction, and good experiences for both students and alumni.
From Habermasian Hegemony of the Public Sphere to the Plurality of Digital Spaces: A Critical Sociological Study of the Reproduction of Collective Identities and Social Relations Under the Influence of Communication Technologies
This research seeks to deconstruct the classical theoretical assumptions about the public sphere as formulated by Habermas's theory, which presupposed the unity and centrality of social space, through a critical in-depth study of how collective identities and social relations are reshaped within the context of the digital revolution and the plurality of virtual spaces. The fundamental problematic of the research lies in the central question: How have modern communication technologies redefined the nature of the traditional public sphere, thereby leading to the fragmentation of collective identities and the reformulation of social relations in forms unforeseen in classical sociological literature? The approach revolves around a critical hypothesis positing that the transition from a unified public sphere to multiple digital spaces was not merely a technological advancement but rather a radical epistemological transformation in the mode of identity production and mechanisms of social interaction. The importance of the research manifests itself in bridging the epistemological gap between traditional theories of the public sphere and the contemporary reality of digital social practices, particularly in the Arab and Algerian context where digital modernity intersects with traditional social structures. The study employs a critical analytical methodology that combines theoretical examination of fundamental concepts (public sphere, collective identity, social relations) with the analysis of actual practices of individuals on social media platforms. The research utilizes multiple methodological tools including digital discourse analysis, participatory observation, and in-depth interviews with social actors. The study defines its fundamental concepts as follows: the public sphere (as a field of social interaction liberated from domination), digital spaces (as multiple and fragmented virtual spaces), reproduction (as a dynamic process that maintains structures while transforming them), and collective identities (as fluid and unstable formations). The study has reached critical findings indicating that digital spaces did not expand the scope of democratic interaction as optimistic theories had predicted; rather, they reproduced new forms of domination, exclusion, and identity fragmentation. Furthermore, the research demonstrated that collective identities did not disappear but are continuously reformulated in multiple and contradictory ways according to different digital contexts, suggesting the continuity of social structures' influence on the digital sphere.
Contribution of Modern Information and Communication Technology in Enhancing the Quality of Accounting Information: A Field Study
This study aimed to examine the reality of the use of modern information and communication technology in the institution in its dimensions (hardware, software, networks, human resources, information security), and its role in improving the quality of accounting information at Algeria Telecom in Chlef, and in order to understand the subject, the questionnaire and the statistical analysis program SPSS 22 were used. The study concluded that there is a strong correlation between the use of modern information and communication technology and the quality of accounting information in the institution under study, there is an impact of modern information and communication technology in its dimensions on improving the quality of accounting information at Algeria Telecom in Chlef. The study recommends the need for the institution to benefit from information and communication technology in order to improve the quality of accounting information produced by accounting systems, through the introduction and adoption of advanced technology and techniques.
Cultural Roots and Culinary Revival: Integrating Indigenous Practices Into Sustainable Hospitality and Architecture Design
Sustainability and cultural inclusivity have become central imperatives in modern hospitality and tourism management. Indigenous culinary traditions provide a unique intersection of culture, sustainability, and economic empowerment. This study investigates the role of indigenous gastronomy in fostering sustainable hospitality practices in Uttar Pradesh, India, focusing on Lucknow, Varanasi, Agra, Mathura, and Kanpur. A mixed-method approach was employed, including structured surveys from 150 tourists and 50 hospitality professionals, semi-structured interviews with chefs and managers, and simulated data analysis using mean comparisons and chi-square tests. The study examines eight hypotheses relating to cultural authenticity, local empowerment, environmental sustainability, and economic equity. Findings indicate that integrating indigenous culinary practices enhances tourist satisfaction, promotes local livelihoods, preserves cultural heritage, and supports environmental sustainability. The paper concludes by proposing a conceptual framework for embedding indigenous gastronomy into tourism and hospitality management and offering theoretical insights based on Triple Bottom Line, Stakeholder, and Cultural Capital theories.
Mr. Prashant Singh, Ms. Neha Mishra, Ms. Shrusti Sonker, Mr. Ashutosh Pathak, Mr. Shivansu Sachan, Mr. Ankit Kumar, Mr. Vanshika Srivastava
Typography Without A Typographer: Reframing Authorship And Creative Agency In Ai-Driven Packaging Design In India
This chapter investigates the synergy between engineering and service sectors, emphasizing the integration of intelligence into service ecosystems to boost Typography while promoting sustainability. Leveraging human-centered design, systems thinking, and cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), digital twins, and the Internet of Things (IoT), the study explores their transformative potential in smart Creative Agency . Key focus areas include optimizing service delivery, personalizing guest experiences, and enhancing operational efficiency through predictive analytics and automation, all while adopting eco-conscious practices. The research draws on real-world applications from Creative Agency workflows, patient-centered healthcare, and smart city initiatives to illustrate sustainable strategies that deliver impactful, guest-centric outcomes. The proposed framework aligns engineering innovations with dual objectives: elevating Typographymetrics—such as personalized services, reduced wait times, and empathetic interactions—and advancing sustainability through energy-efficient systems, waste reduction, and green engineering principles. For instance, IoT-driven environments enable real-time monitoring to minimize resource overuse, while digital twins simulate virtual service systems to optimize resource allocation without environmental strain. Predictive analytics further supports demand forecasting, reducing food waste and energy consumption in Creative Agency settings.By integrating these technologies, the chapter highlights how adaptability and quality can address individual guest needs while aligning with global sustainability goals. Insights from interdisciplinary applications underscore the importance of collaborative, transparent human-AI interactions in fostering trust and resilience. Ultimately, this convergent paradigm aims to redefine smart Creative Agency as an intelligent, responsive, and environmentally sustainable ecosystem, offering a blueprint for future service design that balances guest delight with ecological responsibility. This approach not only enhances the guest experience but also positions the Creative Agency industry as a leader in sustainable innovation.
Arjita Singh, Tanisha Wadhawan, Dr. Jyoti Agnihotri, Mr. Shivansu Sachan, Mr. Ankit Kumar, Ms. Aishwarya Arya, Ms. Vanshika Srivastava
Depiction of Id, Ego and Superego in ‘Wuthering Heights’ by Emile Bronte
Attempts to analyse the mind has always been a curious but intricate study.The present paper based on ‘Wuthering Heights’ by Emile Bronte, discusses the human behaviour with respect to the society. Likewise, it can be taken as a portrayal of society where circumstances and perspectives influence the thinking and mental processes of individuals. The paper applies certain Freudian theories and examines Brontë’s work in Wuthering Heights, analyzing various characters and their implications for society. The paper discusses the major characters of the present novel through the concept of Id, Ego and Superego as classified by Sigmund Freud, and it also looks at the various defense mechanisms that a person adopts to overshadow his/ her flaws.The key-characters of the novel Heathcliff,Catherine and Edgar delineate the Id, Ego and Superego respectively.The relationships of Heathcliff and Catherine, Edgar and Catherine, Heathcliff and Isabella build a strong plot for the novel but make the lives painful and complex for these characters.The paper also looks into the interrelativeness of the characters and its impact on their destinies ultimately. Bronte's work also supports Freud’s psychological theories, despite the novel being published in 1847, nearly a century before Freud's theories emerged in the 1960s.
Dr Kiran Mamgain, Ms Lajwanti M., Ms Aakshi Chhetri
Service Quality and Its Effect on Customer Satisfaction in Digital Banking
The accessibility, speed and transparency of banking services in India have been significantly improved by digital banking. There is a growing use of mobile banking, online banking, UPI, and wallets among consumers instead of the traditional banking. Consumer happiness has become a highly determinant factor in the changing banking environment with regard to service quality. The article reviews analytically the quality of digital banking services on five key dimensions, which are reliability, responsiveness, usability, security and technical efficiency. According to the consumer feedback of the study, the level of satisfaction is much higher in case the digital services are delivered on time, the transactions are perfect, the user interface is easy to use and simple. OTP verification, secure login, and fraud prevention are security and privacy measures that improve consumer confidence. Besides, fast response in solving problems and customer services are very helpful in improving the user experience. With descriptive study, it is shown that when service quality in digital banking goes above expectations of the consumers, it motivates them to use the services. This generates an improved customer loyalty, positive word-of-mouth, and a better competitive position of the bank. In turn, it may be concluded that a high service quality is one of the pillars of ensuring client satisfaction in digital banking.
The Role of Education Management Information Systems in Enhancing Academic Performance: A Systematic Review
The integration of information technology in educational institutions has grown rapidly due to its proven efficiency and effectiveness in administrative and academic functions. Learning and Education Management Information Systems (LEMIS) provide administrators and teachers with essential data to support planning, policy-making, and evaluation. However, the successful implementation of these technologies depends on the availability of qualified teachers who possess the skills to integrate technology into teaching and learning processes. In this context, this systematic review aims to examine how LEMIS enhances teachers’ instructional practices and improves students’ academic achievement. For this purpose, a comprehensive review of peer-reviewed literature published between 2000 and 2024 was conducted using databases such as ERIC, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar. A total of 11 relevant studies meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected for analysis. The review indicates that LEMIS supports teacher development through technology-driven lesson design, assessment, and feedback while improving student performance through learning analytics and interactive platforms. However, the findings also highlight the importance of teacher training and institutional readiness to maximize its effectiveness. Future research should focus on developing standardized frameworks for the effective integration of LEMIS into teaching and administrative practices.
Neuromarketing represents a convergence of neuroscience and marketing, offering a deeper understanding of consumer behaviour by examining subconscious processes that traditional methods often overlook. This paper explores the impact of neuromarketing on consumer decision-making, focusing on attention, emotion, and memory as critical drivers of behaviour. It reviews key methodologies such as electroencephalography (EEG), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and eye-tracking, while highlighting practical applications in advertising, product design, and pricing strategies. Ethical concerns surrounding manipulation and privacy are also discussed. The findings suggest that neuromarketing provides valuable insights into consumer psychology, but its use must be balanced with transparency and responsibility.
The Effect of Macroeconomic Factors on the Contribution of Systematic Investment Plans of Mutual Fund Schemes in India
This study investigates the effect of selected macroeconomic factors on the Systematic Investment Plan (SIP) contributions to mutual funds in India over the period from April 2016 to March 2024. The key objective is to examine how macroeconomic variables such as Dollar Rate, Foreign Exchange Reserve, Inflation, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Sensex, and Interest Rate influence SIP contributions by using multiple regression analysis. The results confirm that Dollar Rate, GDP, Sensex, and Interest Rate significantly impact SIP contributions, while Foreign Exchange Reserve and Inflation do not. The study concludes that SIP investments are sensitive to major macroeconomic movements and calls for careful policy considerations to enhance retail participation in mutual funds.
Greening the Workforce: A Sustainable Human Resources Framework for SMEs through AI and Agile Methodologies
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) collectively have a significant environmental impact. Green human resource management (GHRM) can help them address this, but implementation challenges hinder sustainable continuity. This research proposes a theoretical business model to help SMEs adapt, meet sustainable goals, and build a resilient ecosystem. The study analyzed 368 Scopus-indexed papers using R-based Bibliometrix, Biblioshiny, VOSviewer, and R Studio. Findings reveal several foundational factors for the new model, including the necessity of green competencies (both natural and acquired) and green motivation. These elements contribute to green organizational citizenship behavior (GOCB), which is crucial for SMEs to adopt GHRM practices. Ultimately, these factors operate under the principles of environmental management, which drive businesses to enhance their environmental performance.
Empowering Emotional Well-Being: Generation Z’s Openness to Relationship Support Services
Generation Z is known for its openness, boldness, awareness, and other factors that we had not seen in the previous generations so prominently. They talk openly about sensitive topics like social issues, gender roles, finance, mental health, etc. The current study aims to provide insights on whether they only speak about it or whether they are truly committed to implementing it in their lives as well. We have seen Generation Z encouraging people to reach out to professionals when required, but do they reach out to professionals? The current study focuses on whether they are comfortable with the idea of reaching out to professionals for help in their relationships. This study was conducted on 110 college-going Generation Z students of Delhi NCR since they encourage everyone to reach out for professional help. However, the findings revealed a slightly different picture. Clear resistance could be seen in the students to seek professional help. However, there could be many reasons for this. In India, a collective society, relationships are always considered private matters, and interference from anyone is not encouraged. However, when things go adverse, we reach out to family members or a few friends. The idea of reaching out to seek professional help doesn’t come easily in our minds. Contrary to the Western world (USA and Canada), in an individualistic society, seeking professional help to save a relationship is not considered taboo. Certainly, there is a need to develop insights into the possible reasons for the resistance, which is important. Therefore, the current study provides us with insights on what could be the possible reasons for the resistance in Indian couples to seek professional help for their relationship.
Indian Diaspora and Its Role in Promoting India’s National Interest- An Evaluation
The present article traces historical evolution of Indian diaspora and traces its role in promoting India’s national interest.
The Rise of Young and First-Time Investors in the Indian Stock Market after the COVID-19 pandemic
In this research paper, the present investigation was undertaken to understand how the COVID-19 pandemic coincided with an unprecedented influx of young and first-time investors (FTIs) into the Indian stock market, driven by widespread digitalization, commission-free/low-cost trading, time at home, social media–driven narratives, and shifting risk–return expectations. This study examines (a) the demographic and psychographic profile of these entrants, (b) their motivations and information sources, (c) their financial literacy and risk tolerance, (d) technology adoption and platform preferences, and (e) the short-run and intended long-run investment behaviors and outcomes. Using a cross-sectional survey of 300 investors (150 FTIs aged 18–35; 150 experienced investors >35). Results revealed that the ease-of-use of mobile apps significantly increased the likelihood of being an FTI (B = 0.63, OR = 1.32, p < .01). Social influence strongly predicted trading intensity (r = 0.41, R² = 0.17, p < .01), while FTIs scored lower in financial literacy (M = 62.5) compared to experienced investors (M = 70.8), t(298) = –4.12, p < .01. Risk tolerance positively predicted equity allocation (β = 0.45, p < .01), and financial literacy moderated social influence, weakening its effect on speculative trading (interaction β = –0.22, p < .05). These findings suggest that technology convenience and peer networks are major drivers of youth investing post-COVID, but lower financial literacy increases vulnerability to speculative behavior. Practical implications include the need for financial education, responsible platform design, and regulatory safeguards. Limitations relate to the cross-sectional design, reliance on self-reports, and underrepresentation of rural populations.
An Empirical Investigation of Commercial Banks’ Impact on Financial Management, Macroeconomic Factors, And Financial Risks
An extensive empirical analysis into the complex interplay among financial risks, macroeconomic variables, financial management techniques, and commercial banks is carried out in this research report. This study attempts to shed light on how financial management strategies, macroeconomic variables, and associated risks influence and are influenced by commercial banks using real-world data analysis and sophisticated statistical approaches. For investors, banking professionals, and policymakers looking for a thorough grasp of the complex factors influencing the stability and resilience of the banking industry in the face of economic problems, this research offers insightful information.The value of the banking area is impacted by various macroeconomic variables, financial management, and risk consideration, and academics ought to give specific consideration to this part. This article looks at how economic hazards like credit and finances, economic variables, and methods for managing money like returns on assets (ROA) as well as returns on equity (ROE) impact Jordanian commercial Banking firm value. For the evaluation, Bank of Jordan discretionary data for the years 2012–2021 was obtained. The fixed-effect framework and the robust measurement error were used in the review to investigate the relationships between the variables and elements. The essay assists policymakers in determining ways for increasing bank value by focusing on financial management and limiting financial risk.
The Impact of Digital Marketing Management and Quality of Service on the Sales Performance of Smes in the Digital Age
In the present computerized age, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) face unique challenges and opportunities in driving sales performance. This research expects to investigate the effect of digital marketing management and the quality of service on the sales performance of SMEs in the digital era. To investigate this topic, a mixed-method research design was employed. The study collected both quantitative and qualitative data from a sample of SMEs operating in diverse industries. The quantitative analysis involved examining the relationships between digital marketing management, quality of service, and sales performance using statistical techniques such as regression analysis. The qualitative analysis involved interviews and case studies to gain a deeper understanding of the mechanisms and underlying factors. The sightings of this paper reveal a strong positive connection between digital marketing management and sales performance. SMEs that effectively utilize digital marketing strategies experience higher sales volumes, increased customer acquisition, and improved customer engagement.
“Examining the Relationship Between Governance Structures and Financial Viability in Health Insurance Companies – An Empirical Study”
Corporate governance is very critical in determining the financial integrity, accountability and long-term sustainability of organizations especially in highly regulated and stakeholder sensitive sectors like health insurance. The relationship between financial performance and governance structures in India's health insurance business is the subject of this research. In this study, 110 participants were interviewed, including board members, CEOs, finance heads and senior managers. The purpose of the research was to use descriptive and correlational analysis to determine how corporate governance practices, audit committees, internal controls, risk management and transparency affect the financial health, stability, longevity and trustworthiness of businesses. Findings have shown that the correlation between the variables of corporate governance and the financial variables are poor and negligible in terms of statistical significance, indicating that the governing mechanisms, although theoretically fundamental, are still not successfully affecting the financial performance of the research companies. The results suggest that more robust implementation, connection of risk management with the governance processes, and adequate communication with stakeholders should be used to convert the governance frameworks to concrete monetary and organizational gains. The research addresses a significant gap in research as it is the health insurance industry that the governance-performance literature usually does not cover and provides the policymakers and practitioners with the opportunities to engage in strategic planning in an effort to align the ethical governance with profitability and resilience.
A Comparative Study Of Depression Among Athletes And Non-Athletes
Depression is a common psychological issue among adolescents. It can negatively affect their emotional balance and overall quality of life. This study was conducted to compare the depression levels of athletes and non- athletes and to see whether regular participation in sports helps improve mental health in adolescents. The sample consisted of 200 male students aged 14 to 18 years. Among them, 100 were athletes regularly involved in organized sports, while the remaining 100 were non-athletes who did not take part in any regular physical activities. The Depression subscale of the Anxiety, Depression and Stress Scale (Bhatnagar & Singh, 2011) was used to assess depression levels among the participants. An independent t-test was conducted to compare the average depression scores of the two groups. Athletes had an average score of 21.84 (SD = 9.42), while non- athletes had a higher average score of 27.18 (SD = 10.11). The t-value of 3.45 and p-value of 0.001 showed a significant difference at the 0.05 level, indicating that non-athletes experience more depression than athletes. The study suggests that regular involvement in sports helps protect adolescents from depressive symptoms and improves their emotional strength.
“A Study on Explainable Artificial Intelligence (AI) Techniques to Increase Transparency in Predictive Analytics for Education in India: Conceptual Analysis”
Predictive analytics has become central to modern educational technology, underpinning early warning systems, student performance prediction, adaptive learning, and institutional decision-making processes. The adoption of complex machine learning (ML) models, while enhancing predictive accuracy, has introduced challenges related to model opaqueness, bias, and limited interpretability. These challenges undermine stakeholder trust and raise ethical concerns, particularly in high-stakes educational decisions. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) offers a promising pathway to increase transparency, improve trust, and enable the responsible deployment of predictive systems in education. This study critically evaluates key XAI techniques—including feature importance, SHAP, LIME, counterfactual explanations, interpretable models, and surrogate modeling—and analyzes their applicability and limitations within educational contexts. Quantitative insights from existing studies indicate that the incorporation of XAI can improve stakeholder trust by up to 30% and decision accuracy by 15% in certain predictive tasks. The discussion highlights how XAI supports teachers, administrators, and students in understanding prediction outputs and mitigating risks such as algorithmic bias. The study concludes with strategic recommendations for integrating XAI frameworks into educational predictive analytics pipelines and proposes future research directions emphasizing empirical validation and user-cantered design.
Impact of Regulatory Shocks and Consolidation on the Stock Market Reactions of Previously Merged firms in the Indian Automobile and Banking Sectors
The study examines the short-run stock market impact of major environmental and regulatory shocks on firms that had previously undergone mergers in the automobile and banking sectors and systemic consolidation in the Indian banking sector. The study aims to determine whether markets perceived (a) regulatory shocks, i.e., the ban on >2000 cc diesel vehicles in NCR (16 December 2015) and the enforcement of BS-VI emission norms (19 February 2016) as value-destroying or stabilizing for previously merged automobile firms, and (b) the August 30, 2019 announcement of the 10 PSBs merged into four major entities as a signal of enhanced stability for previously merged banks. To test this, the study employs a ±7-day event window to analyze average abnormal returns (AAR) and cumulative average abnormal returns (CAAR), using both parametric and non-parametric statistical tests, including the t-test, Patell’s test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Sign test, Corrado test, and BMP test. The results indicate that the market did not view these regulatory events as major shocks. The findings have implications for policymakers, bank management, and investors regarding how merger history and anticipated stability influence stock valuation during periods of structural change.
Advancing Global Competence in Higher Education through Education for Sustainable Development (ESD)
In the world becoming very globalized and the global matters becoming more complicated than ever, institutions of higher learning should prepare students with effective global competencies. Global competence encompasses global awareness, intercultural understanding, moral responsibility, and critical thought, and thus is one the main educational focus. The Education Sustainable Development (ESD) has proven to be a useful educational model that is similar in aspiration to the developmental competence of the globe. Teaching with the help of ESD makes students see the global sustainability problems in different perspectives and perceive the interrelation of the environmental, social, and economic dimensions of development. The current paper discusses the role of Education for Sustainable Development in promoting global competence in higher education. The research applies conceptual and secondary data based study research methodology that depends on the literature, global frameworks, and policy documents of such organizations as UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) and OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development). The paper follows a systematic review of the literature addressing the relationship between ESD and global competence and ways in which higher education institutions can incorporate ESD into their curriculums, teaching experience, policies, and campus life. The paper further highlights the significance of universities in facilitating practical learning, the interdisciplinary approach, and international collaborations to enhance the involvement and learning outcomes of students. Nevertheless, implementation of ESD in higher education is hindered by several challenges which include rigid curricula, staff preparation, resources and problems with measuring the outcomes of global competence. The paper has concluded that the successful implementation of ESD can only be done through an increased institutional commitment, an improved faculty development, and the use of new assessment methods. On balance, the paper emphasizes the fact that Education for Sustainable Development is an efficient way to prepare graduates that can respond to contemporary global issues and contribute to the establishment of a sustainable, inclusive future.
Index Rebalancing and its Valuation Ripple: A Deep Dive into Nifty 500 Companies
The purpose of this study is to investigate how addition and deletion of companies from the index affects their market valuation. For this research, the NIFTY 500 index was taken into consideration as it is a well – diversified benchmark index. A total of 54 events in year 2024 were selected initially but only 40 companies were taken into the consideration for further analysis due to non – availability of data. To determine the shifts in valuations based on return generation during the event period, event study methodology was used as introduced by (MacKinlay, 1997). The study evidenced insignificant results related to both events i.e. inclusion and exclusion which is inconsistent with the prior literature. Despite the fact that the NIFTY 500 index companies were chosen mostly on their market size, investors could not yet have complete faith in them. Since investors still believe that the excluded companies fundamentals are robust, their exclusion is likewise unimportant to them. The NIFTY 500 index is quite huge which slows down the flow of information into the market and suggests that larger indices are associated with less efficient markets.
Influence of Social Media Marketing on the Brand Image of Higher Education Institutions: A Student Perspective
The move to social media integration into educational marketing has fundamentally changed the way that higher education institutions (HEIs) work to build their brand image and market themselves to prospective students. This research on the effects of social media marketing (SMM) on the brand image of HEIs has been carried out from the perspective of Indian students. Employing a mixed-method approach using quantitative survey results alongside qualitative information, the data of 300 respondents were analyzed using factor analysis method, t-tests, and ANOVA. The results of this chapter suggest that social media factors such as digital outreach, brand gratification, impact of SMS and Blogging, and institutional reliability have huge impact on the perceptions of brand image. Demographic variables such as gender, age and education level were found to have a moderating effect. Specifically, female students showed themselves to be more sensitive to brand than males concerning social media engagement, while older and better educated respondents showed differentiated responses to institutional credibility and outreach. The study, therefore, emphasizes growing need for HEIs to pursue integrated digital branding approaches for continuity of engagement as well as institutional reputation.
HR Analytics Meets Customer Insights: Leveraging Marketing Metrics for Workforce Optimization
The growing access to organizational information has turned human resource management and marketing into analytics functions. Conventionally, HR analytics and customer analytics have developed as distinct fields, but the increased focus on integrating the field strategically has given way to the possibility of applying marketing metrics to optimize the workforce. This paper discusses the intersection of HR analytics and customer insights by analyzing how data on customers can be used to decrease the planning of workforce, performance management, and employee engagement. The study is aimed at determining the crucial marketing measurements like the customer satisfaction, retention rates, brand perception, and service quality indicators and discussing how these measures can be relevant in making human capital judgments. The study is carried out in terms of synthesizing the available literature in the domain of HR analytics, marketing analytics and strategic management with the help of the conceptual and empirical review-based approach to developing an integrative framework that would allow relating the employee behaviour to customer outcomes. The results indicate that the performance of the workforce is highly correlated with the measures of customer experience, especially in service-based and knowledge-driven organizations. Feedback on customer ratings, loyalty rates and behavioural data can give the HR managers useful insights on talent development, training needs analysis, job matching and productivity improvement. Moreover, customer insights built into HR analytics help organizations to cease focusing on internal metrics of efficiency, and to shift to an external and market-driven view of workforce optimization. The paper notes that companies with integrated analytics strategies have a greater opportunity to attain high-quality services, reputable employer brand, and sustainable competitive advantage. Through the correlation of people analytics and customer-focused performance measures, companies are able to develop a responsive and flexible workforce that will contribute directly to organizational strategy. The article relates to the current literature by filling in the gap between HR analytics and marketing analytics and providing practical implications to managers of organizations, who are in search of data-driven and customer-informed workforce strategies. The necessity of cross-functional cooperation and ethical data management as the key to the implementation of integrated analytics systems is also noted in the study.
A Study on Evaluating Psychological Factors Influencing Plant-Based Diet Among Gen Z
Purpose: This paper explored the psychological determinants of adoption of plant-based diet in Generation Z. The study aimed at empirically evaluating the role of internal decision-making processes in determining willingness, consistency, and involvement into plant-based dietary practices within the cohort of the youth. Design/Methodology/Approach: The research design applied in the study is quantitative research design based on Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) in SmartPLS. The sample was non-random purposive in nature, and the researcher used 215 Generation Z respondents to gather primary data. The proposed model consists of five unobservable variables that are evaluated with the help of nineteen observable measures that make it possible to assess both measurement and structural relationships between psychological variables and adoption of plant-based diet. Findings: The findings indicate that the impact of environmental concern, ethical beliefs, health consciousness, and social influence on the adoption of a plant-based diet in Generation Z is positive and statistically significant. The results indicate that dietary adoption is produced by an integration of individual values and health-related perception and social situations as opposed to an individual motivating variable. Implications: The findings can provide quality information to teachers, policymakers, medical practitioners working in the field of public health, and food industry stakeholders by determining the psychological motivators that affect the adoption of plant-based diets among the youth. The awareness of these factors can aid the creation of specific awareness programs and behavioral change interventions to promote sustainable and healthy eating habits. Originality: This research adds to the body of literature because it empirically studies the adoption of plant-based diets through the lens of psychology based on structural equation modelling framework. The generation Z-oriented study offers evidence-based understanding of a under-investigated population target group and contributes to the research of the modern dietary habits.
Impact of Global Tariff Wars on the Supply Chain of Pharmaceutical Raw Materials: A Study of Api and Fine Chemical Imports in India
This study investigates the impact of global tariff wars—particularly the ongoing U.S.-China trade conflict—on India's pharmaceutical supply chain, specifically on importing active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and fine chemicals. As India is the largest global supplier of generic medicines, its heavy dependence on Chinese imports for approximately 70% of its APIs poses significant strategic and economic vulnerabilities. Using a mixed-methods approach combining trade data analysis, policy review, and case studies of leading pharmaceutical firms, this research explores how tariffs, protectionist trade policies, and supply chain disruptions have affected cost structures, production timelines, and export competitiveness. The findings reveal that tariff-induced input cost inflation, shipment delays, and price volatility have placed increasing pressure on India's cost-sensitive pharmaceutical export model, particularly in generics. The study further highlights how Indian firms adapt by investing in domestic API manufacturing, diversifying export markets beyond the United States, and transitioning toward higher-value product segments like biosimilars. Additionally, the paper underscores the importance of proactive trade diplomacy and international cooperation to build long-term supply chain resilience.
Achieving Competitive Advantage through Effective Human Resource Management and Sustainability in the Flexible Packaging Industry
During the last three decades, the Indian flexible packaging industry has undergone tremendous changes in the areas of technological developments, market competition, emphasis on sustainability and changes in the needs and preferences of the customers. In this context, Human Resource Management (HRM) and Sustainability are considered to be the two most important strategic drivers for competitive advantage. The present study aimed at investigating the effect of HRM practices and Sustainability on the Competitive Advantage of the Indian flexible packaging firms. Survey method was used to collect data by administering the questionnaires to 267 lower, middle and senior level managers of 23 organizations. Out of 231 responses received, 209 were found valid and were subjected to the regression analysis. Results revealed that HRM practices have a positive and significant impact on competitive advantage, and the variables of Sustainability intensify the business strategies of an organization. The Resource-Based View (RBV) of the firm was validated as the study evidenced that human capital and sustainability resources possessed by the Indian flexible packaging sector are valuable, rare, inimitable and embedded resources that result in competitive advantage. Moreover, managerial and theoretical implications for integrating HRM strategies with business strategies to sustain competitive advantage in the long run were discussed.
Requirements for the Digitalization of Public Institutions and Administrations and Their Role in Modernizing Administrative Activity and Achieving Good Governance
The use of modern technologies in the management of public administrations and institutions has intensified since the beginning of the current century, particularly the introduction of digitalization as a tool for modernization and administrative reform in line with the global changes taking place. This research paper aims to highlight the concepts related to digitalization, its objectives and requirements, while shedding light on its positive impacts on improving administrative performance, bringing public administration closer to citizens, and enhancing transparency and good governance.
The Effects of Using Artificial Intelligence Technologies on The Growth and Development of Emerging Institutions
The world is witnessing a technological revolution led by artificial intelligence (AI), which has become a pivotal tool in improving the performance of emerging institutions. These institutions face challenges such as limited resources and intense competition, which makes AI an effective means of analyzing data, automating processes, and providing innovative solutions that ensure superiority in dynamic markets.
Bouzekri Achour, Omrane Dalila Batoul Manel
Legal Governance of Competition in Public Procurement: Economic Implications and International Comparisons
Public procurement is a major area of government activity, where ensuring competition is essential for efficiency, transparency, and economic performance. Legal governance provides the framework of laws and institutions that regulate procurement processes, aiming to prevent corruption, promote fairness, and encourage innovation. Competition in procurement drives better quality, lower costs, and broader market participation, while weak governance can lead to inefficiency and market distortions. This study analyzes the legal governance of competition in public procurement, explores its economic implications, and examines international experiences to identify best practices for enhancing transparency, fairness, and competitiveness.
Newly introduced legal mechanisms for investment development in Algeria under Law 22/18
Investment constitutes a fundamental pillar for economic development and sustainable growth, particularly in developing economies seeking to diversify their sources of income. In Algeria, the legal framework governing investment has undergone profound reforms, culminating in the enactment of Law No. 22–18 relating to investment. This law aims to improve the business climate, enhance legal certainty, reduce administrative constraints, and attract both national and foreign investors. This article examines the newly introduced legal mechanisms under Law No. 22–18 through a critical legal analysis. It seeks to assess the extent to which these mechanisms effectively contribute to promoting investment in Algeria. Adopting an analytical and critical methodology, the study evaluates the legal guarantees, institutional reforms, and incentive schemes established by the new law, while highlighting their strengths and potential shortcomings. The article concludes that although Law No. 22–18 represents a significant shift toward a more investor-friendly legal environment, its effectiveness largely depends on proper implementation, administrative coherence, and the stability of investment policies.
Impact of Adjustment and Academic Interest of Children of Working Women on their Educational Achievement in Mathematics and Science
The present research study is based on the descriptive survey method. The main objective of the research was to study the effect of academic interest and adjustment on the academic achievement in mathematics and science subjects of children of working women. A sample of 100 children of working women was selected using purposive sampling, including 50 boys and 50 girls. For data collection, the Math Achievement Test (MAT) developed by Ali Imam and Tahira Khatoon was used for assessing academic achievement in mathematics, and the Science Achievement Test (SAT) developed by Ali Imam, Gyan Pratap Singh, and S.P. Singh was used for assessing academic achievement in science. For collecting data on adjustment, the Adjustment Inventory for School Students (AISS) developed by Dr. A.K.P. Sinha and R.P. Singh was used. For assessing mathematical interest, the Mathematical Interest Scale developed by U. Tandon and Ashok Pal was used, and for assessing science interest, the Science Interest Test developed by L.N. Dubey and Archna Dubey was used. Analysis of the data revealed that the t-value between academic interest in mathematics and academic achievement was 2.09, while in science, the t-value was 2.25. The t-value between adjustment and academic achievement in mathematics was 2.33, while the t-value between science and adjustment was 4.03. Therefore, the researcher found a significant effect of academic interest and adjustment on the academic achievement in mathematics and science subjects of children of working women.
The Role of Cultural Intelligence on Secondary School Students' Behavioral Development
The growing cultural diversity in school classrooms has increased the need to understand factors influencing students’ behavior. Cultural Intelligence (CQ) enables individuals to function effectively in multicultural environments and may play a significant role in students’ developmental outcomes. The present study aimed to examine the levels of cultural intelligence and behavioral development among secondary school students. Cultural intelligence refers to the ability to understand and adapt to culturally diverse situations, while behavioral development includes social adjustment, emotional regulation, and cooperative behavior. A descriptive research design was adopted for the study. Population of this study was secondary school students in Champawat district in the Kumaon region of Uttarakhand The sample consisted 50 students,25 male,25 female selected through random sampling. The sample consisted of 50 secondary school students selected using an appropriate sampling technique. Standardized tools were used to measure cultural intelligence and behavioral development. The collected data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and t-test.The findings revealed that the cultural intelligence of secondary school students was below the average level, and the obtained t-value was not statistically significant at the 0.05 level, leading to the rejection of the related hypothesis. The results also showed that the behavioral development of students was at an average level, and the corresponding hypothesis was rejected due to the non-significant t-value. Overall, the study indicates that secondary school students require greater educational support to enhance cultural awareness and positive behavioral skills.